Dynasties of ChinaSpring and Autumn periodEastern Zhou royal family lineage
Reign 696–682 BCE
At the beginning of his accession to the throne, he thwarted Duke Zhou's conspiracy to support Prince Ke; during his reign, Qi Huangong ascended the throne and Guan Zhong became the prime minister.
Ji Tuo is the son of King Huan. King Huan doted on his second son, Wang Zike, and entrusted Zhou Gong Heijian to take care of him before his death. After King Zhuang came to the throne, Zhou Gong Heijian murdered King Zhuang and replaced him with Prince Ke. The doctor Xin Bo reported it. King Zhuang and Xin Bo killed Zhou Gong Heijian, and Prince Ke fled to Yan Kingdom. During the fifteen years of King Zhuang's reign, the situation among the princes changed drastically: Duke Xiang of Qi killed Duke Huan of Lu and destroyed the Kingdom of Ji, and was later executed; Prince Xiaobai returned to the country first to take the throne as Qi Huangong, and appointed Guan Zhong as prime minister; King Wen of Chu moved the capital to Ying, and the Chu Kingdom began to expand northward.
PoliticsKill Zhou Gong Black Shoulder
Zhou Gong's black shoulder plot killed King Zhuang and replaced him with Prince Ke. Doctor Xin Bo reported to King Zhuang, King Zhuang and Xin Bo killed Zhou Gong Heijian, the prince fled to the Yan Kingdom, and a coup in the royal family was eliminated before it happened.
PoliticsDeath of Duke Huan of Lu
Duke Huan of Lu and his wife Wen Jiang went to the state of Qi. Duke Xiang of Qi had an affair with Wen Jiang. After the incident, Duke Xiang hosted a banquet for Duke Huan and ordered Prince Peng Sheng to kill him when he was escorting him to his carriage. The people of Lu pursued the case, and the state of Qi killed Peng Sheng as a prevarication.
MilitaryQi Mieji
Duke Xiang of Qi attacked Ji in the name of avenging the ninth generation's hatred. Jihou handed over the country to his younger brother and "destroyed the country" himself, and Ji's country was destroyed. "The Legend of Gongyang" praises Qi Xianggong's revenge, saying, "Is it possible for nine generations to take revenge? It can be done for a hundred generations."
PoliticsChu King Wen Duying
After King Wen of Chu came to the throne, he moved the capital to Ying (generally believed to be in the area of Jingzhou, Hubei Province today). After that, he made a northern expedition to Shen, Deng and other countries. The Chu state's power crossed the Han River and gradually approached the Central Plains.
PoliticsQi Xianggong was killed
Qi Xianggong sent Lian Zhi and Guan Zhifu to guard Kuiqiu, and agreed to "replace him with melons", but he did not send anyone to replace him when the term expired. The two men joined forces with Gongsun Wuzhi to cause rebellion and killed Duke Xiang. Qi fell into chaos without a king.
Lasting legacyThis is where the idiom "take the melon and replace it" comes from.
PeopleGuan Zhongxiangqi
Prince Xiaobai returned to China first to ascend the throne for Qi Huangong. He followed Bao Shuya's recommendation and appointed Guan Zhong as prime minister, regardless of Guan Zhong's hatred for being shot with a hook. Qi State began to reform and become stronger.
Lasting legacy"Guan Baozhi" has become an idiom to describe the friendship between close friends.
MilitaryBattle of the Ladles
The Qi army attacked Lu, and Duke Zhuang of Lu fought against him at Changshao. Cao Gui advocated waiting for the Qi army to attack the drum three times before attacking, believing that "one drum will make a strong effort, then it will weaken again, and three times will be exhausted", and the Lu army won a great victory.
Lasting legacy"Cao Gui Debate" was selected into middle school Chinese textbooks, and "all at once" became a commonly used idiom.
PoliticsNangongwan regicide
Nangong Wan, a senior official of the Song Dynasty, was humiliated by Song Mingong and killed him during the game, causing great chaos in the Song Dynasty. The following year, the princes met in Beixing to discuss how to quell the Song Dynasty.
Zhou Gong Heijian planned to establish Prince Ke and reported it to King Zhuang to help kill Heijian. He once said that "merger, direct lineage, two governments, and coupling of countries are the roots of chaos." This summed up the source of chaos in patriarchal politics.
Guan Zhong's best friend. He assisted Prince Xiaobai to return home first and ascend the throne, and also strongly recommended Guan Zhong, who had been an enemy of Xiaobai, as prime minister and placed himself under him.
Before the Battle of Changshao, he asked to see Duke Zhuang of Lu and pointed out that "meat-eaters are despicable and unable to make long-term plans." He also commanded the Lu army to wait for work and defeat the Qi army. One theory is that Cao Mo later kidnapped Qi Huangong in Kezhimeng.
The sister of Duke Xianggang of Qi, married Duke Huan of Lu as his wife. He had an affair with his brother, which led to the death of Duke Huan of Lu in Qi State; his son ascended the throne as Duke Zhuang of Lu.