The founder of landscape poetry385—433
The grandson of Xie Xuan, a famous Eastern Jin general, was granted the title of Duke Kang Le and was known as "Xie Kang Le" in the world. After entering the Song Dynasty, he was frustrated in his official career. He traveled around the mountains and rivers of eastern Zhejiang and described nature with delicate brushwork. "Spring grass grows in the pond, and willows in the garden turn into songbirds." This has been passed down through the ages, and he founded the landscape poetry school. Later he was killed for treason.
Northern Wei Emperor Taiwu408—452
Brave and good at fighting, he successively defeated Hu Xia, Bei Yan, and Bei Liang, unified the north in 439, and attacked Rouran from the north many times. He believed in Taoism and issued an edict to exterminate Buddhism in 446. He was the first among the "Three Martial Arts and One Sect" to exterminate Buddhism. In 450, he marched southward and reached Guabu on the north bank of the Yangtze River. In 452, he was killed by the eunuch Zong Ai.
Zu Chongzhi
Science & technologyMathematician429—500
The calculated pi is between 3.1415926 and 3.1415927, an accuracy that leads the world for nearly a thousand years. The "Da Ming Calendar" was compiled and precession was introduced into the calendar for the first time. Together with his son Zu Xun, he obtained the formula for the volume of a sphere and wrote "Zhu Shu".
Empress Dowager Wenming442—490
Descendant of the Northern Yan royal family, Queen Emperor Wencheng. Emperor Xianwen and Emperor Xiaowen twice governed as regent, presiding over the implementation of the salary system, land equalization system, three-chief system and other reforms, laying the foundation for Emperor Xiaowen's reform. Emperor Xiaowen was raised by her since she was a child and respected him very much.
atheist thinkerc. 450–c. 515 CE
Xiao Ziliang, the king of Qi Jingling, worshiped Buddhism, but Fan Zhen denied karma to his face and used the metaphor of flowers falling on mats or dung in the wind as a metaphor for the randomness of life. The book "On the Destruction of Gods" states that "if the form exists, the spirit will exist, and if the form disappears, the spirit will be destroyed." Liang Emperor Wu organized more than 60 people from the princes and nobles to besiege him, but he remained unyielding.
chief minister yamanaka456—536
The master of the Shangqing sect of Taoism lived in seclusion in Maoshan, Jurong. Emperor Wu of Liang often sent envoys to consult on important national affairs, and he was known as the "chief minister in the mountains". Proficient in medicine, he compiled the "Compendium of Materia Medica", which collected 730 kinds of medicines. He was the first to classify medicines according to their natural properties such as jade and vegetation.
Liang Emperor Wu464—549
Born in the Xiao family of Lanling, he was from the same clan as the Southern Qi royal family. 502Date range Qi Jianliang reigned for forty-eight years. He was diligent and knowledgeable in his early years, and became a Buddhist in his later years. He sacrificed his life in Tongtai Temple four times and was redeemed by his ministers with huge sums of money. Later, the Eastern Wei surrendered general Hou Jing, which caused great chaos and trapped Taicheng to death.
literary theoristc. 465–c. 520 CE
In his early years, his family was poor, so he lived in Dinglin Temple for more than ten years under the guidance of Shaman monk You, and became knowledgeable in Buddhist scriptures. The fifty chapters of "Wen Xin Diao Long", which systematically discusses the nature, style and creative methods of literature, are the most important literary theory monograph in ancient China. He became a monk in his later years and became famous for his Dharma and Wisdom.
Reformers of the Northern Wei Dynasty467—499
His real name was Tuoba Hong. He came to the throne at the age of five and took charge after Fengtaihou's death. In 494, the capital was moved to Luoyang, and a series of sinicization measures were implemented, such as changing to Hanfu, speaking Chinese, changing Chinese surnames, and allowing marriages. He changed his surname to Yuan, which accelerated the integration of various ethnic groups in the north and also caused dissatisfaction among some Xianbei nobles.
Li Daoyuan
Science & technologygeographerc. 470–527 CE
Officials of the Northern Wei Dynasty enforced the law strictly. He wrote annotations for "Shui Jing" and wrote forty volumes of "Shui Jing Zhu", describing more than 1,200 rivers and the mountains, cities, monuments and legends along the coast. His writing style is beautiful and has both geographical and literary value. In 527, he was killed by Xiao Baoyu's men on his way to Guanzhong as an envoy.
Famous Generals of Liang Dynasty484—539
Born into a poor family, he was originally a follower of Emperor Wu of Liang. In 529, he led 7,000 white-robed troops to escort Wang Yuanhao of Beihai in the Northern Wei Dynasty to the north, and fought thousands of miles. He was invincible and once invaded Luoyang. There is a nursery rhyme from time to time, "Famous teachers and generals should not keep themselves in prison; thousands of soldiers and horses should avoid their white robes."
The powerful officials of the Eastern Wei Dynasty496—547
Xianbei Han people who grew up in Huaishuo Town. After the rebellion in Liuzhen, he raised troops to eliminate the Erzhu family and took control of the affairs of the Northern Wei Dynasty. After Emperor Xiaowu ran west, he established Emperor Jing as the filial piety and moved the capital to Yecheng, creating the Eastern Wei Dynasty. He fought with Yuwen Tai for many years, lost the battle of Yubi in 546, and died of illness the next year. His son Gao Yang established the Northern Qi Dynasty and later worshiped him as emperor.
Jia Sixie
Science & technologyAgriculturistUnknown birth and death
A native of the Northern Wei Dynasty, he once served as the governor of Gaoyang County. The book "Essentials for Qi Min" was written around the 30's and 40's of the 6th century, with a total of ten volumes and ninety-two chapters. It systematically summarizes the experience of farming, gardening, animal husbandry, brewing, etc. in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River. It is the earliest and most complete agricultural book in China.
Founder of Northern Zhou Dynasty507—556
A descendant of the Xianbei Yuwen tribe who was born in Wuchuan Town. He supported the Emperor Wen of the Western Wei Dynasty and was in charge of the government for more than 20 years. He established the government and military system, implemented the six edicts drafted by Su Chuo, and reformed the official system according to the "Li" of Zhou, laying the institutional foundation for the Northern Zhou Dynasty and even the Sui and Tang Dynasties. His son Yuwen Jue founded the Northern Zhou Dynasty.
N & S literary master513—581
In his early years in Liang, he and Xu Ling were both representatives of court literature, known as "Xu Yu Style". During his mission to the Western Wei Dynasty, Jiangling fell and he was forced to stay in the north. He served in the Western Wei and Northern Zhou Dynasties. Most of his works in his later years expressed his thoughts about his hometown. "Ode to the South of the Yangtze River" is gloomy and desolate. Du Fu said that "Yu Xin's articles become more mature with age".
Northern Dynasties Folk Song FiguresUnknown birth and death
It is still uncertain whether the heroine image created by the Northern Dynasties folk song "Mulan Poetry" is actually a real person. In the poem, Mulan joins the army on behalf of her father. "Generals die in a hundred battles, and heroes return in ten years." After triumphant return, she resigned and returned home. The story has been interpreted by later generations of operas, films and television, and has become a household name.