Dynasties of ChinaWestern JinWestern Jin lineage
Jianxing · Reign 313—316
He was proclaimed emperor in the dilapidated Chang'an, and he struggled for three years. Finally, due to the lack of food supplies, the Western Jin Dynasty perished, and he was killed in Pingyang the following year.
Sima Ye Zi Yanqi, the son of Prince of Wuxiao Sima Yan, the grandson of Emperor Wu of Jin, succeeded his uncle Qin Xian Wang Sima Jian, and he was granted the title of King of Qin. When Luoyang fell in 311, he fled to Xingyang and later moved to Mi County. He was crowned Crown Prince by Xun Fan, Xun Zu and others. Emperor Huai was killed in 313. Sima Ye became emperor in Chang'an and changed the Yuan Dynasty to Jianxing at the age of fourteen (some say fifteen). At this time, Chang'an had a small population and a severe food shortage, and the government was controlled by Qu Yun and Suo Chen.
During Emperor Min's reign, the imperial court relied on Yongzhou governor Jia Tzu and Qu Yun to barely resist the Han attack. In 315, Liu Yao failed to attack Chang'an. However, the famine in Chang'an became increasingly severe. In 316, Liu Yao besieged the city again, and food supplies were exhausted. Emperor Min surrendered in a sheep cart with a jade in his hand, and the Western Jin Dynasty perished. He was sent to Pingyang, suffered humiliation at Liu Cong, and was finally killed at the end of 317. The following year, Sima Rui proclaimed himself emperor in Jiankang, and Eastern Jin was established.
When Emperor Min came to the throne, the Western Jin Dynasty was already in name only. Chang'an was isolated in the city and it was difficult to sustain food and soldiers. He was young and unable to recover, and he worked hard for three years just to save a little name for the Jin Dynasty, and left an orthodox basis for Sima Rui to continue the Jin Dynasty in Jiangdong.
PeopleEscaped after the fall of Luoyang
After the fall of Luoyang, Sima Ye was protected by his uncle Xun Fan and others. He first fled to Xingyang and then to Mi County, where he was promoted as the Crown Prince. The officials set up a base in Mi County and soon retreated to the Guanzhong area in Chang'an.
PoliticsChang'an ascended the throne
Emperor Huai was killed in Pingyang. When the news came, Crown Prince Sima Ye ascended the throne in Chang'an and changed the Yuan Dynasty to Jianxing. Qu Yun was appointed as the Minister of Records, and Suo Chen was appointed as the Minister of Zuopushe. At this time, there were only a hundred households in Chang'an, there were forests of wormwood and thorns, and there were only four public and private vehicles.
PeopleZu Ti's mid-stream attack
Zu Ti, who was worried about state affairs, led more than a hundred families across the river to the north. When they reached the middle of the river, they struck a boat and swore: "Zu Ti cannot clear the Central Plains and restore the economy, just like the big river!" After that, he trained troops in Yuzhou and recovered a large area of land south of the Yellow River in a few years.
Lasting legacy"Striking in the middle of the stream" and "Dancing upon hearing the chicken" all come from Zu Ti, and they are still common idioms to encourage people with lofty ideals to work hard to serve the country.
MilitaryJia Tong guards Guanzhong
Jia Tuan, the governor of Yongzhou, united with the Hu leaders to raise troops in Guanzhong to fight against the Han and stabilize the area around Chang'an. In 314, Jia Tuan was injured and died in the battle. Guanzhong lost its barrier and Chang'an became even more isolated.
MilitaryLiu YaoKou Changan
Han general Liu Yao entered the Pass from the Yellow River and attacked the outer city of Chang'an. Qu Yun, Suo Chen and others defended the inner city and counterattacked the Han army, but Liu Yao retreated without success. In the same year, Emperor Min appointed Sima Rui, king of Langya, as prime minister of the left and governor of Shaanxi's military affairs, asking him to send troops to serve the king.
MilitaryChujiang Western Jin died
Liu Yao besieged Chang'an again. The food in the city was exhausted, and a bucket of rice was worth two taels of gold. People were eating each other. Emperor Min came out in a sheep cart with his jade in his hand. Western Jin had four emperors, and Sima Yan accession following abdication in 266, died fifty years ago.
PeoplePingyang was humiliated
Emperor Min was captured and brought to Pingyang. Liu Cong made him the Marquis of Huai'an. He made him hold a halberd in front of him to clear the way during field hunting. At banquets, he was asked to wear Tsing Yi to pour wine and wash cups for the guests. The old officials of the Jin Dynasty cried bitterly when they saw this, so Liu Cong wanted to kill him.
PoliticsKilled and established with Eastern Jin
At the end of 317 (318 in the Gregorian calendar) Emperor Min was killed in Pingyang. The news spread to Jiankang. King Sima Rui of Langya ascended the throne in March 318 and continued the Jin Dynasty, which was known as Eastern Jin in history.
Lasting legacyJiankang, the capital of Eastern Jin, is now Nanjing, Jiangsu Province. Nanjing is known as the "ancient capital of the Six Dynasties" because Sun Wu, Eastern Jin, and the Southern Song, Qi, Liang, and Chen Dynasties established their capitals here.
A native of Jincheng, he presided over the government during the reign of Emperor Min. He resisted the Han army many times and was at odds with Suo Chen. After the fall of Chang'an, he committed suicide with his sword (some say he was killed by Liu Yao).
A native of Dunhuang, he came from a famous family and was in charge of the government together with Qu Yun. Emperor Min was captured after his surrender and was reportedly killed by Liu Yao.
The descendants of the Liu Yuan clan captured Luoyang and Chang'an successively and destroyed Western Jin. After Liu Cong's death in 318, he proclaimed himself emperor in Chang'an and named his country Zhao. He was destroyed by Later Zhao in 329.
Few people have great ambitions, and they dance when they hear the chicken. In 313, he led his troops across the Yangtze River to the north, trained troops in Yuzhou, and regained the south of the Yellow River. Because of the court's suspicion, he died of illness in Yongqiu in sorrow and anger.
The great-grandson of Sima Yi guarded Jianye in 307 and managed Jiangdong with the help of Wang Dao and others. After Emperor Min was killed, he proclaimed himself emperor in 318 and was the founding king of Eastern Jin.