Luotaihou
ConsortsHuanzong's biological mother conspired with Li Anquan to depose her biological son Huanzong, and came forward to petition Jin Dynasty to request canonization for Li Anquan.
Dynasties of ChinaWestern XiaWestern Xia lineage
XiangzongLi Anquan
Yingtian · Huangjian · Reign 1206—1211
The coup deposed Huanzong and made him self-reliant. During the five years of his reign, Mongolia attacked him many times. He was forced to accept his daughter to make peace and vassal Mongolia for gold. He was eventually deposed by the clan.
IBiography
- Reign
- 5 years
- Reign era
- Yingtian · Huangjian
- Order of accession
- Ruler #7 · Western Xia lineage
- Life dates
- 1170—1211
- Titles
- Temple name: Xiangzong · Posthumous title: Emperor Jingmu · Buried at Kangling Mausoleum
Li Anquan, the son of King Yue Li Renyou, and the nephew of Renzong. After his father's death in 1196, his request to be granted the title of King Yue was rejected, and he was demoted to the king of Zhenyi County. Then he conspired with Huanzong's biological mother, Luotaihou, to launch a coup to depose Huanzong in 1206 and establish himself as emperor. Luotaihou petitioned Jin Dynasty for canonization.
His reign coincided with the rise of Mongolia. In 1207, Mongolia attacked Western Xia again. In 1209, Cheng Jisihan personally conquered Uluohai City, besieged Zhongxing Prefecture, and diverted water from the Yellow River to flood the city. Xiangzong asked for help from Jin, but Jin Dynasty sat idly by and refused to help him. He had no choice but to accept his daughter's request for peace. From then on, he attached himself to Mongolia and attacked Jin. The eighty-year-old reconciliation between Xiangzong and Jin Dynasty collapsed. In July 1211, King QiLi Zunxu launched a coup to depose him. He died a month later at the age of forty-two.
IITimeline
During the reign · 1206—1211
PoliticsDeposed Emperor is self-reliant
In the first month of the first month, he conspired with Luotaihou to launch a coup, deposed Huanzong, made himself emperor, and adopted the era name Yingtian. Luotaihou petitioned Jin dynasty, saying that Huanzong could not be heired and asked to be safe. Jin dynasty then conferred the title.
MilitaryMongolia attacks again
Cheng Jisihan sent troops again on the grounds that Western Xia refused to pay tribute and declare himself a vassal. He attacked Oluohai City and looted the territory of Western Xia for several months before retreating in the spring of the following year.
MilitaryZhongxing Mansion was besieged
Cheng Jisihan personally conquered the Xia army, defeated the Xia army, then defeated the city of Oluohai, surrounded Zhongxing Mansion, and diverted water from the Yellow River to flood the city. After the embankment burst and the river flooded the Mongolian military camp, the two sides negotiated peace.
DiplomacyNanu please make peace
Xiangzong once sent an envoy to Jin Dynasty to ask for help. Jin Dynasty's new king, Prince of Weishao, said that "it is a blessing for our country if our enemies attack each other" and refused to send troops. Xiangzong had no choice but to donate his daughter Chahe to Cheng Jisihan and agreed to send troops to help Mongolia. Western Xia became attached to Mongolia from then on.
MilitaryEnmity between Xia and Jin
Under the pressure of Mongolia, Western Xia sent troops to attack Jin Dynasty Jiazhou. The harmonious relationship between Xia and Jin for more than 80 years collapsed. After that, they attacked each other for more than ten years, causing both sides to suffer losses.
Politicswas crippled and died
In July, King QiLi Zunxu of the clan launched a coup and deposed Xiangzong and became independent. About a month later, Li Anquan died at the age of forty-two.
IIIPeople of this reign
Cheng Jisihan
RulersThe Great Mongolia was established in 1206, and thereafter it repeatedly attacked Western Xia. In 1209, he personally conquered Zhongxing Mansion and besieged it, forcing Xiangzong to accept his daughter and ask for peace. From then on, Western Xia attached itself to Mongolia and conquered the Jin Dynasty.