Dynasties of ChinaLiao dynastyLiao dynasty lineage
Qingning and others · Reign 1055—1101
He worshiped Buddhism and was good at writing, and reigned for forty-six years. He first put an end to the Chongyuan rebellion, then favored Yelü Yixin, unjustly killed the queen and the Crown Prince, and the government deteriorated day by day.
Yelü Hongji, whose courtesy name is Nielin and whose small name is Chala, is the eldest son of Xingzong. He ascended the throne in 1055. In the early days, he paid attention to political affairs and opened up his voice. In 1063, the emperor's uncle Yelü Zhongyuan and his son launched a rebellion in the Luanhe Palace. Daozong put down the rebellion under the protection of Yelü Renxian and others. He was proficient in Chinese, believed in Buddhism, and studied Huayan studies intensively. During his reign, monasteries flourished, and the wooden pagoda in Ying County was built at the beginning of his reign.
Yelü Yixin, who had made great achievements in suppressing the rebellion, became increasingly authoritarian. In 1075, Yi Xin framed Queen Xiao Guanyin with "Shi Xiang Ci", but Daozong ignored it and ordered the queen to commit suicide. In 1077, he also falsely accused Crown Prince Yelü Jun of treason, and Crown Prince was deposed and killed. Daozong came to his senses in his later years, demoted Yixin, and made his grandson Yanxi his successor. However, the government had been seriously corrupted, and rebellions broke out repeatedly among the tribes in the north who were trying to prevent divination. Died of illness in 1101 at the age of seventy.
CultureJianying County Wooden Pagoda
The Sakyamuni Pagoda built in Yingzhou Fogong Temple has an octagonal plane, five floors on the outside and four dark floors inside. It is more than 60 meters high. It is layered with brackets and mortise and tenon joints. It is the pinnacle of wooden architecture in the Liao Dynasty.
Lasting legacyThe Yingxian Wooden Pagoda is the oldest and tallest existing wooden pavilion-style tower in the world. During maintenance in 1974, precious cultural relics from the Liao Dynasty such as fragments of the "Khitan Collection" were discovered among the Buddha statues in the tower.
CultureThe Imperial College was established in Zhongjing
The Imperial Academy was established in Zhongjing, and all prefectures and prefectures were ordered to establish schools and publish the Five Classics. Confucian education was promoted in the Liao territory. According to records by Hong Hao from the Song Dynasty, Daozong once said: "I am repairing cultural relics, and Binbin is no different from China."
PoliticsPut down the Chongyuan Rebellion
Emperor Taishu Yelü Zhongyuan and his son Nerugu rebelled at the Crown Prince Mountain Palace in Luanhe. Yelü Renxian, Yelü Yixin and other guards led a vigorous resistance. Nerugu was killed by an arrow. Zhongyuan's soldiers fled and committed suicide after being defeated.
PoliticsChange the country's name to Daliao
The country's name "Khitan" used since 983 was changed to "Liao", and it would not be changed until the death of Liao. The name of Liao Dynasty was changed three times, reflecting its choice between the Khitan standard and the Central Plains orthodoxy.
DiplomacyDelimitation of the Song and Liao Rivers to the East
The Liao envoy requested to redraw the border east of Hedong. In 1075, the Song Dynasty sent Shen Kuo as envoy to Liao dynasty, and he refuted it point by point according to the archives. In the end, the Song Dynasty still gave up some land to Daibei, and the two sides used the watershed as the boundary.
PoliticsShixiangci injustice case
Yelü Yixin instigated the palace maid Shan Deng and others to use the erotic poem "Shi Xiang Ci" to frame the queen Xiao Guanyin for having an affair with the actress Zhao Weiyi. Daozong did not distinguish the authenticity, so the clan executed Zhao Weiyi and ordered the queen to commit suicide.
PoliticsCrown Prince Jun died unjustly
Yixin also falsely accused Crown Prince Yelü Jun of treason. Daozong deposed Crown Prince as a commoner and imprisoned him in Shangjing. Yixin immediately sent people to kill him. At the age of 20, Crown Prince was also killed at the same time.
PoliticsYi Xin Fu Zhu
In 1079, Yi Xin also attempted to harm the emperor's grandson Yanxi. After admonishment by his close ministers, Daozong gradually came to his senses and released Yi Xin. In 1081, he had his official title reduced and in 1083, he was executed for hiding soldiers and armor and plotting to defect to the Song Dynasty.
MilitaryThe Rebellion of Mogusi
Mogusi, the leader of the Bu tribe in Mobei, rebelled against the Liao Dynasty and killed the envoys on the northwest route of Liao Dynasty. The Liao army continued to conquer for many years, and it was not until 1100 that Mogusi was captured. There was no peace in the north.
PeopleHun Tongjiang died of illness
In the first month of the first month, he died of illness in Hun Tongjiang Palace. He was seventy years old and reigned for forty-six years. The emperor's grandson Yelü Yanxi ascended the throne as Emperor Tianzuo.
After pacifying the Chongyuan Rebellion, he served as the Privy Envoy of the Beiyuan, and was granted the title of King of Wei. He was authoritative and domineering. He framed Queen Xiao Guanyin and Crown Prince Yelü Jun successively, causing them to die unjustly. After their failure, they were executed in 1083.
He is good at poetry and poetry, and is good at playing the pipa. He wrote ten poems for "Hui Xin Yuan". He once wrote "Admonishment on Hunting" to advise Daozong not to indulge in hunting, but he gradually became alienated. In 1075, he was framed by Yi Xin and sentenced to death.
Daozong's eldest son, whose mother's name is Guanyin, is smart and studious. In 1075, he also led the Privy Council of the North and South. He intended to rectify the current malpractice, but was resented by Yi Xin. In 1077, he was falsely accused of rebellion and died unjustly. He was later honored as Shunzong by Emperor Tianzuo.
In 1063, during the Chongyuan Rebellion, he protected the emperor and quelled the rebellion. He served as the privy envoy of the Beiyuan and was granted the title of King of the Song Dynasty. Later, he served as the envoy of the Northwest Road to suppress the divination tribes and was famous for his good warfare.