Dynasties of ChinaNorthern and Southern DynastiesLiu Song
Xiaojian · Daming · Reign 453—464
He raised an army to defeat Liu Shao, the culprit of his father's murder, strengthened the imperial power and reused Han people. However, his extravagance and debauchery intensified the clan fratricide.
Liu Jun was the third son of Emperor Wen of the Song Dynasty and was granted the title of King Wuling. In 453, he led the army to attack the Xiyang barbarians as the governor of Jiangzhou. After learning that Crown Prince Liu Shao had killed his father, he raised his troops eastward with the support of Shen Qingzhi, Liu Yuanjing and others. He ascended the throne in Xinting in April, invaded Jiankang in May, and killed Liu Shao and Liu Jun.
During his reign, he put down the rebellions of his uncle Liu Yixuan and his younger brother Liu Dan. In order to prevent the king from becoming powerful, he used Dianshan to monitor the kings, divide the major states such as Jing and Yang, and also used Han people such as Dai Faxing and Chao Shangzhi to master secrets, and the imperial power was strengthened. However, he lived a luxurious life and built a lot of construction projects. His frivolous coinage led to the proliferation of private coins, and he was addicted to drinking and debauchery in his later years. He died of illness in 464, at the age of thirty-five.
MilitaryDestroy the culprit
In Jiangzhou, they raised troops to attack Liu Shao, who killed his father. Shen Qingzhi and Liu Yuanjing led their troops eastward. In April, Liu Jun came to the throne in Xinting. In May, Jiankang was conquered, and Liu Shao and his followers were executed.
PoliticsReuse Hanren’s Codex
Dai Faxing, Chao Shangzhi and other people from humble backgrounds were in charge of secrets as Zhongshu General Secretary Sheren, and they also strengthened the supervision of the kings who left the town, further weakening the real power of the noble families in the center.
MilitaryPut down the rebellion of Liu Yixuan
Uncle Nanjun Wang and Jingzhou Governor Liu Yixuan and Jiangzhou Governor Zang Zhi jointly raised troops and marched eastward along the Yangtze River. They were defeated by Liu Yuanjing, Wang Xuanmo and others, and Liu Yixuan was killed. After that, the imperial court divided the two states of Jing and Yang and weakened the important local towns.
EconomyCast Xiao Jian Si Baht
The four-baht coins of Xiaojian were minted, and the shape of the coins became increasingly frivolous. Private minting and cutting became common, prices soared, and the circulation of goods was in chaos.
MilitaryGuangling massacre
Liu Dan, the king of Jingling, raised troops based on Guangling, and Shen Qingzhi led his army to besiege the city for several months and break the city. Emperor Xiaowu ordered the massacre of the city, and almost all the men in the city were killed. Bao Zhao wrote "Wucheng Fu" for this purpose.
Science & technologyZu Chongzhi on the Great Ming Calendar
Zu Chongzhi introduced the precession into the calendar for the first time in the "Da Ming Calendar" and reformed the leap week. The favored minister Dai Faxing objected on the grounds that it violated ancient laws, and Zu Chongzhi argued hard, but the new calendar was not promulgated until 510 AD in the Liang Dynasty.
Lasting legacyThe pi calculated by Zu Chongzhi is between 3.1415926 and 3.1415927; today a crater on the far side of the moon and the asteroid numbered 1888 are named after him.
PoliticsDied of illness
He died of illness in Jiankang in Leap May at the age of thirty-five. The eldest son Liu Ziye ascended the throne, and Dai Faxing and other Han ministers continued to keep secrets.
A native of Wukang, Wuxing, he was born into a poor family. He worked as a farmer when he was young, and later became famous for his military exploits. He assisted Emperor Xiaowu in conquering Liu Shao, quelling the rebellions of Liu Yixuan and Liu Dan, and became the third Duke. He was forced to death by the Earlier Deposed Emperor in 465.
The Liu family in Hedong led the army to conquer Hongnong and Shaanxi during the Yuanjia Northern Expedition, and repeatedly defeated the Wei army. He participated in the campaign to annihilate Liu Shao and put down Liu Yixuan. In 465, he planned to depose the Earlier Deposed Emperor and was killed.
A native of Kuaiji, from a humble background, Emperor Xiaowu was in charge of secrets and wielded power both internally and externally. He once refuted Zu Chongzhi's "Daming Calendar". He was sentenced to death by the Earlier Deposed Emperor in 465.
A native of Fan Yangqiu County, he studied astronomy and calendars intensively, compiled the "Da Ming Calendar", calculated pi to the seventh decimal place, and worked with his son Zu Xun to obtain the formula for the volume of a sphere.