Dynasties of ChinaTang dynastyTang dynasty lineage
Yongzhen · Reign 805
He served as Crown Prince for more than 20 years. He suffered a stroke and became speechless when he came to the throne. He was forced to meditate only a few months after supporting Yongzhen's reforms.
Li Song was the eldest son of Dezong. He was established as Crown Prince in 780 and remained in the throne for twenty-six years. He was a tolerant man and paid attention to political affairs. When Dezong went to Fengtian in 783, he held a bow and arrow to protect him. In 804, he suffered a sudden stroke and could not speak. After Dezong died in the first month of the following year, he reluctantly ascended the throne amid the eunuchs' doubts. He reused Wang Shuwen and Wang Pi, the old ministers of the East Palace, and made Wei Zhiyi as the chief minister. He teamed up with Liu Yuxi, Liu Zongyuan and others to implement reforms, which was known as the "Yongzhen Reform" in history.
The reform violated the interests of the eunuchs and the vassal town, and he was seriously ill and found it difficult to govern. The eunuch Ju Wenzhen and others first forced him to make his eldest son Li Chun Crown Prince, and in August they forced him to pass on the throne and call himself the Retired Emperor. The reform failed. In the first month of the following year, he died of illness in Xingqing Palace. It is said that he was killed by eunuchs.
PoliticsEstablished as Crown Prince
In the first month of the year, he was established as Crown Prince and stayed in the East Palace for twenty-six years. Wang Shuwen served the Crown Prince with his chess skills, and Wang Pi served the Crown Prince with his calligraphy. The two gradually became the core counselors of the East Palace.
PeopleStroke aphasia
In September, Crown Prince suffered a sudden stroke and was unable to speak. He was unable to visit Dezong when he was seriously ill, and there were a lot of discussions in the DPRK about whether he could succeed to the throne.
SocietyGongshi and Wufang
In February, the palace market was abolished, and the "Wufang children" who raised hawks and dogs for the emperor and used the opportunity to blackmail the people were eliminated. The people's arrears of rent and taxes were exempted, and extra tributes from various places were stopped. The people of Chang'an cheered and celebrated.
PoliticsRelease the palace maid and summon the wise minister
In March, 300 palace maids and 600 harem girls were released to be welcomed back by their relatives outside the Nine Immortals Gate. They also recalled Lu Zhi, Yang Cheng and other demoted officials. Unfortunately, they died before receiving the edict.
MilitaryConspiracy to seize eunuch military power
In May, veteran general Fan Xichao was appointed as the military commander of Shence's army in the towns west of Beijing, and Han Tai was appointed as the commander of the army, in an attempt to take back the military power of Shence's army from the eunuchs. After the eunuch found out, he secretly ordered the generals not to hand over their troops, and the plan failed.
PoliticsForced to meditate
The eunuch Ju Wenzhen and others joined forces with the vassal town and some court officials to force Shunzong to establish Li Chun as Crown Prince in April. In July, he ordered the Crown Prince to supervise the country. In August, Shunzong issued an edict to pass on the throne, calling himself the Retired Emperor and changing his name to Yongzhen. There were only more than 140 days before and after the reform.
PeopleTwo Kings and Eight Sima
Wang Shuwen was demoted to the Sima of Yuzhou and died the next year; Wang Pi was demoted to the Sima of Kaizhou and died of illness soon after. Wei Zhiyi, Liu Yuxi, Liu Zongyuan and other eight people were demoted to Yuanzhou Sima, known as the "Two Kings and Eight Sima" in history.
Lasting legacyWhen Liu Zongyuan was demoted to Yongzhou, he wrote "Eight Notes of Yongzhou", among which "The Story of Xiaoshitan" is now included in the Chinese textbook of junior high schools.
PoliticsDied of illness in Xingqing Palace
In the first month of the first month, the Retired Emperor died of illness in Xingqing Palace at the age of forty-six and was buried in Fengling. Because his death was only five months away from Nei Zen, and it coincided with Xianzong's liquidation of the reformists, it is said that he was killed by eunuchs.
A native of Yuezhou, he played chess in the east palace of the imperial edict. After Shunzong came to the throne, he served as Hanlin bachelor and deputy salt and iron envoy of Duzhi, presiding over the reform. After the failure, he was demoted to Yuzhou and sentenced to death the following year.
A native of Hangzhou, he served the Crown Prince with calligraphy and was the core of the revolution with Wang Shuwen. After the failure, he was demoted to Kaizhou and died of illness soon after.
He participated in the reform and was demoted to Yongzhou Sima for ten years. He later served as the governor of Liuzhou, known as "Liu Liuzhou" in the world, and co-initiated the ancient prose movement with Han Yu.
He was demoted to Sima Langzhou, and thereafter he was transferred to foreign posts for a long time. The poetic style is vigorous, and famous lines such as "A thousand sails passed by the side of the sunken boat" are still recited to this day, and Bai Juyi was praised as a "poetry hero".