Dynasties of ChinaWestern HanWestern Han lineage
Chuyuan and others · Reign 49–33 BCE
He was gentle and fond of Confucianism, but he placed great emphasis on Confucian scholars but allowed the eunuch Shi Xian to monopolize power. Zhaojun left the fortress, and the Western Han turned from prosperity to decline.
Liu Shi is the eldest son of Emperor Xuan. His mother, Xu Pingjun, was born among the people. His father came to the throne when he was two years old. His mother, Queen Xu, was poisoned soon after. In 67 BC he was made Crown Prince. He had a gentle temperament and liked Confucianism. He once advised Emperor Xuan to use more Confucian scholars. Emperor Xuan denounced him as "vulgar Confucianism is out of date" and sighed, "The one who disrupts my family is the Crown Prince." However, thinking of Queen Xu, he did not abolish the throne. He ascended the throne in 49 BC.
After he came to the throne, he placed more emphasis on Confucian scholars, cut court expenses, and once dismissed the salt-removing iron officials. However, he was indecisive and favored Zhongshu Ling Shixian, which forced his master Xiao Wangzhi to commit suicide, and the government was increasingly controlled by eunuchs. Externally, Chen Tang and Gan Yanshou killed Chanyu, the Zhizhi, and Wang Zhaojun went out to the fortress to make peace. Long-term stability was maintained in the north. Later in his reign, he doted on Fu Zhaoyi and once wanted to change the title of his son, Prince of Dingtao Liu Kang, to Crown Prince, but was stopped by the advice of his aide Shi Dan. He died of illness in 33 BC and was buried in Weiling.
Emperor Yuan of the Han Dynasty was gentle and Confucian. During his reign, he reduced court expenses and treated his ministers well. He had external achievements such as Chen Tang's defeat of the Zhi branch and Zhaojun's departure from the fortress. The border was stable for a long time. However, he "contained Wenyi and continued his leisurely travels", allowing the eunuch Shi Xian to dominate, the Wang family to rise, and land annexation to become increasingly serious. Ban Gu believed that the foundation created by Emperor Xuan had declined since then.
PoliticsEstablished as Crown Prince
Eight-year-old Liu Shi was established as Crown Prince. When Huo Guang's wife found out, she became angry and vomited blood. She ordered Queen Huo Chengjun to wait for an opportunity to poison the Crown Prince, but she failed because the nanny tasted the food first every time.
Culture"Urgent Chapter"
In the Emperor Yuan Dynasty, Huangmenling Shiyou compiled a literacy textbook "Jijiupian", which compiled commonly used characters into three-character, four-character, and seven-character rhymes, and introduced surnames, utensils, clothing, food, official positions, etc. in categories, making it easier for children to read, and it was widely popular during the Han and Wei dynasties.
Lasting legacy"Jijiupian" has been passed down to this day in its entirety and is one of the earliest extant elementary school literacy textbooks.
PoliticsXiao Wangzhi committed suicide
Crown Prince Xiao Wangzhi advocated the removal of the eunuchs in charge of Zhongshu, but was framed by Zhongshu Ling Honggong and Shi Xian. Emperor Yuan did not understand that "summoning the court captain" meant being imprisoned, so he approved it. Although he was later released, Shi Xian was trapped again. Xiao Wangzhi did not want to be humiliated anymore and committed suicide by drinking poison.
MilitaryAbandon Zhuya County
Zhuya County on Hainan Island rebelled repeatedly, and the imperial court sent troops to suppress it in successive years. After the imperial edict was issued, Emperor Yuan accepted the proposal and issued an edict to abolish Zhuya County and provide resettlement to the people who were willing to move inland.
EconomyDismiss salt and iron officials
Due to frequent disasters and tight costs, an edict was issued to eliminate the rarely used palaces in Jiaodui, Shanglinyuan, Qisan Fuguan, Beijiatianguan, Yantieguan and Changpingcang. But the finances immediately failed, and the Yantieguan was restored in 41 BC.
MilitaryChen Tang cut off the Zhi branch
Chen Tang, the deputy captain of the Western Regions, and Gan Yanshou, the governor of the Western Regions, sent more than 40,000 soldiers and field officials from various countries in the Western Regions to expedition to Zhizhi City in Kangju territory and killed Chanyu of Zhizhi under the pretense of an imperial edict. Chen Tang once said, "Those who openly attack the powerful Han will be killed no matter how far away they are."
DiplomacyZhaojun goes out of the fortress
In the first month of the first month, Hanxie Chanyu entered the court and asked to be the son-in-law of the Han Dynasty. Emperor Yuan gave Chanyu Wang Qiang (also known as Zhaojun), a good harem son, and Chanyu wrote a letter willing to guard the border from Shanggu west to Dunhuang for the Han Dynasty. Emperor Yuan changed his reign name to "Jingning" for this purpose.
Lasting legacyThe Zhaojun Tomb (Green Tomb) in the southern suburbs of Hohhot, Inner Mongolia is said to be the burial place of Wang Zhaojun and is now the location of the Zhaojun Museum.
PoliticsDied of illness in Weiling
After he died of illness in Weiyang Palace in May, Crown Prince Liu Ao ascended the throne and honored Queen Wang Zhengjun as the Queen Mother. The Wang family's relatives thus entered the political stage. Emperor Yuan was buried in Weiling.
A native of Lanling, Donghai, he was proficient in "Qi Shi" and "The Analects of Confucius". Emperor Xuan was then the imperial censor, and later the Crown Prince, and assisted the government under the imperial edict. He advocated the removal of eunuchs from Zhongshu, but was framed by Hong Gong and Shi Xian, and was forced to commit suicide. Emperor Yuan cried bitterly after hearing the news.
A native of Jinan, he was castrated as a young man. Emperor Xuan was a servant of the Zhongshu at that time, and Emperor Yuan was a servant of the Zhongshu at that time. He was familiar with government affairs and gained trust. After Emperor Cheng came to the throne, he lost power and was dismissed from office and sent back to his hometown. He died of sorrow on the way.
A native of Shanyang Xiaqiu, he likes reading but his family is poor, and he is good at strategy. He and Gan Yanshou issued an imperial edict to send troops to kill Zhi Zhi Chanyu. However, due to his restraint and taking property privately, the reward was repeatedly blocked.
His name was Qiang, his courtesy name was Zhaojun. He was from Zigui, Nanjun County, and entered the palace as the son of a good family. She married Huhanxie Chanyu, named Ninghulan, and gave birth to a son. After Huhanxie died, she remarried his son Fizhulei Chanyu according to Huns custom and had two daughters.
A native of Chengxian County, Donghai, his family was poor and eager to learn. According to legend, he once dug a wall into a wall to study by candlelight from a neighbor's house. He was famous for his proficiency in the Book of Songs, and it was said at that time that "when you talk about the Book of Songs, Kuang Ding comes." He served as prime minister in 36 BC. He was criticized by later generations for being afraid of the emperor and not dare to disobey.