Dynasties of ChinaJin dynastyJin dynasty lineage
Tianhui · Reign 1123—1135
After his brother-in-law destroyed the Liao Dynasty and the Song Dynasty, the two emperors Hui and Qin were captured and went north, making Jin Dynasty a powerful country in the north.
Wanyan Wuqimai, whose Chinese name is Wanyan Sheng, is the fourth son of Shizu Gailibo and the younger brother of Aguda. After the establishment of Jin Dynasty, he served as Banbo Jilie. During the expedition, Aguda stayed behind and took charge of state affairs and food and salary supply. Aguda died of illness in 1123. He ascended the throne according to the system of his elder brother and his younger brother, adopted the era name Tianhui, and named his younger brother Xie Ye as Banbo Jilie.
After taking the throne, Jin general Wanyan Loushi captured Emperor Tianzuo in Yingzhou in 1125, and Liao Dynasty perished. In the same year, he ordered Zonghan and Zongwang to go south in two directions on the grounds that Northern Song had recruited rebellious generals and betrayed the alliance. In 1127, he captured Bianjing, captured Emperors Hui and Qin and thousands of people from their clan and went north, and Northern Song was destroyed. After that, Jin first established Zhang Bangchang, then Liu Yu as a puppet, and sent Zongbi across the river to pursue Song Gaozong.
The Jin army was frustrated by Song generals such as Han Shizhong and Wu Jie in Jiangnan and Sichuan and Shaanxi, and the N&S confrontation gradually formed. Taizong followed the old system of Liao and Song Dynasties in Han Dynasty, and accepted Western Xia and Goryeo as vassals. After Xie Ye died in 1130, the throne remained vacant for a long time. Under the leadership of Zong Han, Zong Qian and others, he established Taizu's grandson Wanyan Dan as his throne in 1132. He died of illness in 1135.
In his more than ten years in office, Taizong completed Aguda's unfinished mission of destroying the Liao Dynasty, and attacked the Northern Song Dynasty in one fell swoop, expanding the Jin Dynasty's territory from the northeast to the Central Plains. He relied heavily on famous clan generals such as Zong Han and Zong Wang, and most of the frontline military affairs were handled by these generals. In the Han area, the old system of Liao and Song Dynasties was used to support the puppet regime. In the Jingkang Incident, the Jin army carried out wanton plunder, which brought serious disasters to the people of the Central Plains; and the Jin army suffered repeated setbacks after crossing the river, which also showed that its military strength was no longer able to annex the south of the Yangtze River.
PoliticsRen Xun Ban Bo Ji Lie
After the establishment of Jin Dynasty, Aguda took his younger brother Wu Qimai as his acquaintance with Banbo Jilie, the heir apparent and the head of the auxiliary government. During the period when Aguda led his army to conquer Liao, he was responsible for handling state affairs and dispatching troops, horses and food.
DiplomacyZhang Jue incident
Zhang Jue, a general who surrendered from the Liao Dynasty, rebelled against the Jin Dynasty in Pingzhou and returned to the Song Dynasty. The Song court accepted him. After the Jin army captured Pingzhou, they demanded Zhang Jue. The Song court was forced to execute him and send him a letter of gold, but the Jin side still used this as an excuse for Northern Song to betray the alliance.
PoliticsHe ascended the throne and adopted the era name Tianhui
After Aguda died of illness, Wu Qimai ascended the throne in Shangjing in September and renamed Yuan Tianhui. He inherited his brother's strategy and pursued and suppressed the remnants of Emperor Tianzuo while reorganizing the newly occupied Liao territory.
DiplomacyWestern Xia vassalage
Western XiaChongzong sent an envoy to declare his vassalage to Jin Dynasty, and Jin Dynasty allocated part of the land northwest of Liao Dynasty to Western Xia. On the eve of the demise of Liao Dynasty, the original Liao vassals turned to Jin Dynasty one after another.
MilitaryCapture Emperor Tianzuo
In February, Wanyan Loushi captured Liao Emperor Tianzuo in Yingzhou, escorted him to Beijing, and conferred the title of Haibin King. Liao Dynasty was destroyed. Yelü Dashi, the clan member of the Liao Dynasty, had previously led his troops to the west and later established the Western Liao Dynasty in Central Asia.
MilitaryDivide forces to attack Song Dynasty
In October, Zonghan was ordered to lead the West Route Army to attack Taiyuan from Datong, and Zong Wang was ordered to lead the East Route Army to attack Yanshan from Pingzhou. Northern Song Yanshan guard Guo Yaoshi surrendered, allowing the East Route Army to drive southward.
MilitaryThe first siege of Bianjing
In the first month of the first lunar month, Zongwang crossed the Yellow River and approached Bianjing with troops, and the Li Gang governor defended the city. Song Qinzong Xu cut the three towns of Taiyuan, Zhongshan and Hejian and collected a huge amount of gold and silver to seek peace. Jin's East Route Army withdrew north in February, while the West Route Army continued to besiege Taiyuan.
MilitaryJingkang Incident
In August, the Jin army went south again on the grounds that the Song Dynasty did not pay attention to the three towns, and in leap November they captured Bianjing. In March 1127, Zhang Bangchang was established as Emperor of Chu. In April, thousands of people including Huizong, Qinzong, concubines, clan members, and ministers were captured and went north. The Northern Song was destroyed.
SocietyLooting legal artifacts
When the Jin army withdrew from Bianjing, they transported the Northern Song court's ritual vessels, astronomical instruments, books, printing plates, and a large number of craftsmen and artists to the north. As a result, a large number of legal and cultural relics from the Central Plains flowed into the Jin dynasty, which also promoted the sinicization of the Jurchens.
MilitarySearch mountains and seas
Zong Bi led his army across the river to pursue Song Gaozong, and captured Jiankang, Hangzhou, and Mingzhou. Gaozong floated to the sea to avoid the enemy. When the Jin army retreated to the north, they were trapped by Han Shizhong's navy at Huangtiandang for forty-eight days, and they never crossed the river in large numbers again.
PoliticsRegistration and pseudo-equity
In September, Liu Yu, a surrender minister of the Song Dynasty, was appointed emperor of Daqi, ruling Henan, Shandong and other places as a buffer between the Jin and Song Dynasties. The puppet Qi Dynasty cooperated with the Jin army to invade the south many times, and was abolished in 1137.
MilitaryBattle of Monk Plains
Zongbi attacked Sichuan and Shaanxi, but was defeated by the Song generals Wu Jie and Wu Lin brothers at Monk Yuan, and was killed. In 1134, the Jin army attacked Xianren Pass again and was defeated. Jin Dynasty's attempt to seize Sichuan was never realized.
PoliticsEstablish Wanyan Dan as Chu
After Xie Ye's death, his throne remained vacant for a long time. Zong Han, Zong Qian, hope Yin, etc. advocated that Taizu's direct grandson should inherit the throne. Taizong then appointed the young Wanyan Dan as the supreme commander of Banbo, so that the throne would return to the Taizu line in the future.
PoliticsDied of illness and went to Beijing
He died of illness in Shangjing in the first month of the year at the age of sixty-one. Wanyan Dan came to the throne for Xizong. The throne was transferred from the Taizong line back to the direct line of Taizu. However, the Taizong disciples still held great power, paving the way for future clan disputes.
His real name is Xie Ye, the fifth son of Shizu. He raised troops with A Gu and served as the commander-in-chief of the capital to attack the central capital of Liao Dynasty. After Taizong ascended the throne, he was familiar with Banbo Jilie and took the position of heir. He died in 1130.
He led the West Route Army to conquer Taiyuan, and then joined forces with Zong Wang to capture Bianjing. After that, he sat in Yunzhong for a long time and was in charge of the military and political affairs of Han Dynasty. He was extremely powerful. After Xizong ascended the throne, he was relieved of military power.
The second son of Taizu, commanded the Eastern Route Army. In 1126, he came to Bianjing twice. The first time he went south, he forced the Song Dynasty to cede territory and seek peace. He died of illness shortly after retreating to the north in 1127.
The real name is Wuchu, which is Wushu. In 1129, he led his army across the river to pursue Gaozong of Song Dynasty. The following year, he was trapped by Han Shizhong in Huangtiandang; in 1131, he was defeated by Wu Jie in Heshangyuan.
He was originally the prefect of Jinan in the Song Dynasty. He paid gold after killing general Guan Sheng. In 1130, he was established as the emperor of Daqi by the Jin Dynasty. He later moved the capital to Bianjing and cooperated with the Jin army to attack the Song Dynasty many times. He was deposed in 1137.
Northern Song chief minister. In 1127, he was made emperor of Chu by Jin. After the Jin army withdrew northward, he welcomed King Kang Zhao Gou to the throne and abdicated. In the same year, he was sentenced to death by Gaozong.
He and his younger brother Wu Lin guarded Sichuan and Shaanxi. They defeated the Jin army at Monk Yuan in 1131 and Xianren Pass in 1134, and secured the Sichuan gate.