Dynasties of ChinaJin dynastyJin dynasty lineage
Daan and others · Reign 1208—1213
He was a mediocre and weak king. During his reign, Mongolia launched a massive attack on gold and suffered a disastrous defeat at Yehuling. He was eventually killed by the powerful minister Hu Shahu.
Wanyan Yongji's original name was Yunji, but he changed his name to avoid the taboo of Xianzong. He was the seventh son of Shizong and uncle of Zhangzong, and was granted the title of King of Wei. Zhangzong died young, and his deathbed decreed that he should succeed him. He ascended the throne in November 1208, and changed his name to Da'an in the following year. He was weak and indecisive, and encountered the rise of Mongolia when he first came to the throne: Mongolia attacked Western Xia first, and Jin Ting sat idly by and did nothing to save him; Cheng Jisihan immediately broke off diplomatic relations with Jin.
In 1211, Cheng Jisihan launched a large-scale attack on the Jin army. The Jin army was defeated miserably in the Yehuling and Huihebao areas. The Mongolian troops approached Zhongdu. After that, they moved south in successive years. The Khitan Yelü Liuge also raised troops in Liaodong to annex the Mongols. In August 1213, Ge Shiliezhizhong (Hu Shahu), a powerful official who had been repeatedly criticized and promoted, launched a mutiny, imprisoned and killed Yongji, and promoted Wanyan Xun to the throne.
PoliticsThe posthumous edict ascended the throne
Zhangzong died of illness in November and ascended the throne in accordance with the imperial edict. The following year, he was changed to Da'an in Yuan Dynasty. According to "Yuan Shi", when he was previously ordered to Jingzhou to accept Mongolian contributions, Genghis Khan (Temüjin) saw that he refused to salute and treated him with contempt.
DiplomacySit back and watch Western Xia be attacked
Mongolia besieged Zhongxingfu, the capital of Western Xia, and Western Xia asked Jin for help. According to records, Jin Ting believed that the enemy's attack was a blessing for his country and refused to send troops. Western Xia was forced to accept his daughter to make peace, and then turned against Jin.
DiplomacyMengjin breaks off diplomatic relations
According to the "History of the Yuan Dynasty", the Jin envoy informed the new king of his accession to the throne and asked Mongolia to accept the imperial edict. When Cheng Jisihan learned that the new king was King Wei, he scolded him as mediocre and cowardly and refused to bow down. After that, he cut off his tribute to Jin and actively prepared to go south.
MilitaryBattle of Yehuling
Cheng Jisihan led his army south, and the Jin army was defeated in the areas of Yehuling and Huihebao, and all their elite troops were lost. The Mongolian army immediately broke through Juyong Pass, and the vanguard approached Zhongdu, plundered in four directions and then returned north.
MilitaryYelü Liuge raises troops
Yelü Liuge, a Khitan man, gathered people in the Long'an and Hanzhou areas to rebel against the Jin and surrendered to Mongolia. The following year he called himself King of Liao. Jin Dynasty's rule in the Northeast was shaken.
MilitaryMongolian siege of Xijing
The Mongolian army besieged Datong Prefecture in Xijing, Jin Dynasty. According to "Yuan History", Cheng Jisihan was shot by a stray arrow during the siege and withdrew the siege and returned north. During this year, the Mongolian army was still attacking and plundering in Hebei and northern Shanxi.
PoliticsHu Shahu Incident
In July, the Mongolian army broke through the Juyongguan area again. In August, Ge Shiliezhizhong, who was stationed in the north of Zhongdu City, launched a mutiny and invaded the palace. He imprisoned Yongji and sent people to kill him, and then welcomed Wanyan Xun, the rising king, to the throne.
His real name is Hu Shahu. He has a violent temperament and has been demoted and promoted again and again for his crimes. In 1213, he killed the Prince of Weishao and established Xuanzong. He appointed himself as Grand Master, Shangshu Ling and Marshal of the capital, specializing in government affairs. He was killed by Shu Hugaoqi two months later.
Khitan people, originally from Qianhu in the north of Jin Dynasty. In 1212, he rebelled against the Jin and surrendered to Cheng Jisihan, claiming to be the King of Liao. He then assisted Mongolia in the management of Liaodong.
His real name was Hu Sha. He led the Jin army to resist the Mongols in 1211. He retreated in fear of the enemy in the Yehuling area, and was pursued and defeated in Huihe River. The Jin army lost all its elite troops and was dismissed afterwards.